Epiroc 90515496 Drilling Rod SR28-H28-R32 and Parts
Epiroc 90515496 Drilling Rod SR28-H28-R32 delivers superior durability and precision for demanding drilling applications. Designed for high-performance rock drilling, this original Epiroc rod ensures optimal power transmission and extended service life.
Compatible with leading drill rigs, it features robust construction for reduced wear and maximum efficiency. All genuine or OEM Epiroc parts guarantee perfect fit and reliability. Trust the SR28-H28-R32 for consistent performance in tough conditions. Contact us today for expert support!
| Parts NO. | Name |
90515496 |
225-0433-03-C – Drill Rod |
| 90514595 | 128-5051-24-45-67,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90514220 | 128-5054-24-45-67,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90513870 | 128-5064-67,49-20 – Flat Face |
| 90030054 | 128-5043-39-70,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
90030015 |
128-5045-39-30-70,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
| 90029939 | 128-5045-39-70,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
| 90030038 | 128-5048-39-70,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
| 90030046 | 128-5051-39-70,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
| 5697002477 | 128-5051-39-30-70,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
90030016 |
128-5045-39,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
| 90030040 | 128-5048-39,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
| 90030044 | 128-5051-39,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
| 90513844 | 128-5043-27,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 5697001857 | 128-5064-70,57-20 – Flat Face |
90029892 |
128-5076-42-24-70,57-20 – Dome bit |
| 90029881 | 128-5089-42-24-70,57-20 – Dome bit |
| 90029808 | 128-5102-42-24-70,57-20 – Dome bit |
| 90029890 | 128-5089-42-24,57-20 – Dome bit |
| 90029807 | 128-5102-42-24,57-20 – Dome bit |
| 90029893 | 128-5127-42-24,57-20 – Dome bit |
5697002643 |
128-5045-39-84,37-D21 – Powerbit X |
| 5697001694 | 128-5048-39-84,37-D21 – Powerbit X |
| 5697002448 | 128-5051-41-39-84,37-D21 – Powerbit X |
| 90514137 | 125-5033-41-67,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90514102 | 125-5035-27-67,39-20 – Flat Face |
90003625 |
125-5037-99-67,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90516334 | 125-5038-41-67,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 5697001941 | 125-5044-39-70,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
| 90030012 | 125-5045-39-70,37-20 – PUG – Flat Face |
| 90029307 | 125-5043-27,39-20 – Flat Face |
90514117 |
125-5033-41,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90514167 | 125-5037-99,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90514200 | 125-5033-17,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90514282 | 125-5038-27,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90514322 | 125-5035-27,39-20 – Flat Face |
| Parts NO. | Name |
90514507 |
125-5045-27,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90514793 | 125-5051-27,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90515379 | 125-5041-27,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90029566 | 124-5038-34-67,39-20 – Flat Face |
90029254 |
129-5033-34-67,39-20 – Flat Face |
| 90515870 | 425-07202,10 – Shank Adapters |
| 90516561 | 425-15705,10 -Beam Equalizing Stamping Asmy |
| 5697001868 | 228-0620-35-C,02 |
| 90514159 | 228-0627-35-91-C,02 |
90514160 |
228-0632-35-91-C,02 |
| 90513856 | 228-0637-35-C,02 |
| 90513858 | 228-0643-35-C,02 |
| 90513860 | 228-0649-35-C,02 |
| 90513861 | 228-0655-35-C,02 |
| 90003570 | 228-4743-35-C,02 |
90003571 |
228-4749-35-C,02 |
| 90003572 | 228-4755-35-C,02 |
| 90003573 | 228-4761-35-C,02 |
| 90003574 | 228-4764-35-C,02 |
| 90514370 | 225-0424-03-C.02 |
90514153 |
225-0426-03-C.02 |
| 90514164 | 225-0428-03-C.02 |
| 90515496 | 225-0433-03-C.02 |
| 90515420 | 225-0407-69-MF-C,02 |
| 90029906 | 225-0311-69-MF-C,02 |
| 90003641 | 225-0412-69-MF-C,02 |
90029907 |
225-0319-69-MF-C,02 |
| 90515244 | 229-0203-69-91-MF-C.02 |
| 90516402 | 229-0206-MF-C.02 |
| 90029389 | 229-0208-69-MF-C.02 |
90516438 |
229-0212-MF-C.02 |
90029031 |
224-0307-69-91-MF-C,02 |
| 90029032 | 224-0309-69-91-MF-C,02 |
| 90029465 | 224-0309–69-91-860-MF-C,02 |
| Parts NO. | Name |
3176007609 |
3176 0076 09 – Sensor Cable |
| 3176006664 | 3176 0066 64 – Sensor Cable |
| 3176007627 | 3176 0076 27 – Sensor Cable |
| 3115600435 | 3115 6004 35 – Bushing |
| 3176006646 | 3176 0066 46 – Sensor Cable |
3176006644 |
3176 0066 44 – Sensor Cable |
| 3176006665 | 3176 0066 65 – Sensor Cable |
| 9106250409 | 9106 2504 09 – Sensor Cable |
| 9106250456 | 9106 2504 56 – Sensor Cable |
| 9106249935 | 9106 2499 35 – Sensor Cable |
9106219216 |
9106 2192 16 – Boom Extension Sensor |
| 9106219203 | 9106 2192 03 – Angle Sensor |
| 9106152440 | 9106 1524 40 – Depth Sensor |
| 9106975591 | 9106 9755 91 – Angle Sensor |
| 3128303527 | 3128 3035 27 – Rubber Top Plate |
3128302553 |
3128 3025 53 – Middle Drill Rod Guide Bush |
| 3128302546 | 3128 3025 46 – Front Drill Rod Guide Bush |
| 3128301684 | 3128 3016 84 – Middle Drill Rod Guide Bracket |
| 3128078467 | 3128 0784 67 – Front Drill Rod Bracket |
| 3115182201 | 3115 1822 01 – Accumulator Diaphragm |
3115376800 |
3115 3768 00 – Nitrogen Charging Nozzle |
| 6060003642 | 6060 0036 42 – KIT |
| 3222328551 | 3222 3285 51 – Check |
| 3222330764 | 3222 3307 64 – VALVE |
3222339239 |
3222 3392 39 – PLATE FOR DRILLING RIG FLEXIROC D65 |
| 3222341732 | 3222 3417 32 – VALVE |
| 3128078548 | 3128 0785 48 – Holder |
| 3128078549 | 3128 0785 49 – Holder |
| 3128045801 | 3128 0458 01 – Side panel |
| 3128303930 | 3128 3039 30 – Sliding element |
3128307488 |
3128 3074 88 – Sliding element |
| 3176001272 | 3176 0012 72 – CABLE COMPLETE |
| 3128078197 | 3128 0781 97 – PULL ROPE |
| 0663214300 | 0663 2143 00 – O’RING |
| 3115233300 | 3115 2333 00 – CUP SEAL |
| 9106223601 | 9106 2236 01 – SEGMENT |
9106188708 |
9106 1887 08 – COMPRESSOR |
| 3115302400 | 3115 3024 00 – WIPER |
| 3115328917 | 3115 3289 17 – SEAL RING |
| 3115505900 | 3115 5059 00 – WASHER |
| 3115504312 | 3115 5043 12 – CONNECT |
| 3115344500 | 3115 3445 00 – SEAL |
5724000894 |
5724 0008 94 – SEAL KIT |
| 3128319021 | 3128 3190 21 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 3128309310 | 3128 3093 10 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 3128320896 | 3128 3208 96 – CYLINDER |
| 3128309254 | 3128 3092 54 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 3128325731 | 3128 3257 31 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
3128309160 |
3128 3091 60 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 3128259200 | 3128 2592 00 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 9121704502 | 9121 7045 02 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 9121709302 | 9121 7093 02 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 3128231290 | 3128 2312 90 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 3128027501 | 3128 0275 01 – CYLINDER GUARD |
3128027502 |
3128 0275 02 – CYLINDER GUARD |
| 9106219022 | 9106 2190 22 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 3128308129 | 3128 3081 29 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 9121591302 | 9121 5913 02 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 9121591301 | 9121 5913 01 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 9106077228 | 9106 0772 28 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
3128313457 |
3128 3134 57 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 3128310883 | 3128 3108 83 – HYDR. CYLINDER |
| 3128202015 | 3128 2020 15 – PRESS.RED.VALVE |
| 3176837700 | 3176 8377 00 – SHUTTLE VALVE |
| 0823005016 | 0823 0050 16 – CHECK VALVE |
3177309283 |
3177 3092 83 – DIRECTION VALVE |
| 3222326896 | 3222 3268 96 – DOUBLE CH.VALVE |
| 3214871280 | 3214 8712 80 – PRESS.RED.VALVE |
| 3217977300 | 3217 9773 00 – FLOW CONT.VALVE |
| 3128253816 | 3128 2538 16 – LUBR. VALVE |
| 3128253995 | 3128 2539 95 – CHECK VALVE |
3128253864 |
3128 2538 64 – LUBR. VALVE |
| 3128253980 | 3128 2539 80 – LUBR. VALVE |
| 3128253802 | 3128 2538 02 – RELIEF VALVE / SAFETY VALVE |
| 3217931624 | 3217 9316 24 – CHECK VALVE |
| 3177309209 | 3177 3092 09 – DIRECTION VALVE |
| 5112287805 | 5112 2878 05 – BRAKE VALVE |
3177309280 |
3177 3092 80 – DIRECTION VALVE |
| 3177309260 | 3177 3092 60 – DIRECTION VALVE |
| 3217999709 | 3217 9997 09 – SOLENOID VALVE |
| 3217984800 | 3217 9848 00 – PRESS.RED.VALVE |
| 9106184722 | 9106 1847 22 – SHUTTLE VALVE |
3128209998 |
3128 2099 98 – CHECK VALVE |
| 3128209955 | 3128 2099 55 – CHECK VALVE |
| 3177309245 | 3177 3092 45 – DIRECTION VALVE |
| 3177309288 | 3177 3092 88 – DIRECTION VALVE |
| 5112300759 | 5112 3007 59 – Oil filter |
| 3222999091 | 3222 9990 91 – Oil filter |
6060009419 |
6060 0094 19 – Oil filter |
| 8231085419 | 8231 0854 19 – Filter breather |
| 5580004128 | 5580 0041 28 – Fuel filter |
| 6060008047 | 6060 0080 47 – Fuel filter |
| 6060008044 | 6060 0080 44 – Fuel filter coarse cleaning |
| 3222999092 | 3222 9990 92 – Fine fuel filter |
| 5537463100 | 5537 4631 00 – Transmission filter |
5112239217 |
5112 2392 17 – Filter element |
| 5534279900 | 5534 2799 00 – Filter element |
| 5541489600 | 5541 4896 00 – Filter element |
| 5112305242 | 5112 3052 42 – Filter element |
| 6060006878 | 6060 0068 78 – Filter element (5112287858) |
3115247200 |
3115 2472 00 – Diaphragm |
| 3115589300 | 3115 5893 00 – LINER |
| 3115600784 | 3115 6007 84 – PISTON |
| 3115576401 | 3115 5764 01 – PISTON GUIDE |
| 3115600012 | 3115 6000 12 – PISTON GUIDE |
3115557383 |
3115 5573 83 – GUIDE COMPL |
| 3115557500 | 3115 5575 00 – PLUG |
| 3115556900 | 3115 5569 00 – STOP RING |
| 3115364900 | 3115 3649 00 – WASHER |
| 3115566300 | 3115 5663 00 – SPACER |
| 5112307887 | 5112 3078 87 – POTENTIOMETER |
| Parts NO. | Name |
3128230103 |
3128 2301 03 – U-Clamp |
| 3128078435 | 3128 0784 35 – U-Clamp |
| 3128078418 | 3128 0784 18 – U-Bracket |
| 3719000670 | 3719 0006 70 – GUIDE SOCKET |
| 0259005700 | 0259 0057 00 – THREAD INSERT |
| 3128078534 | 3128 0785 34 – Guide Wheel |
3128078427 |
3128 0784 27 – Bearing (Guide Wheel) |
| 3128045815 | 3128 0458 15 – Steel Sheet |
| 3217894510 | 3217 8945 10 – PRESS.REL.VALVE |
| 3217801401 | 3217 8014 01 – SEQUENCE VALVE |
| 3128317550 | 3128 3175 50 – Reel |
| 3128321645 | 3128 3216 45 – Reel Pulley |
3128078437 |
3128 0784 37 – Middle Drill Rod Guide Base |
| 3128305977 | 3128 3059 77 – Aluminum Support Plate for Rock Drill |
| 3125078412 | 3125 0784 12 – Propulsion Wire Rope |
| 3125101003 | 3125 1010 03 – Return Wire Rope |
| 3115531400 | 3115 5314 00 – Square Copper Sleeve |
3115600488 |
3115 6004 88 – Drive Sleeve |
| 3115504501 | 3115 5045 01 – Machine Head Guide Sleeve |
| 3115917094 | 3115 9170 94 – Rock Drill Seal Kit |
| 3115192602 | 3115 1926 02 – Rock Drill Oil Return Diaphragm |
| 3222333481 | 3222 3334 81 – CARTRIDGE |
3222340627 |
3222 3406 27 – LOCK,CHAIN DRILLING RIG |
| 3222148800 | 3222 1488 00 – SENSOR,INDUCTION |
| 3222278802 | 3222 2788 02 – SWITCH, TOGGLE |
| 3222331841 | 3222 3318 41 – JOYSTICK |
| 3176000288 | 3176 0002 88 – PULSE SENSOR |
| 9106219985 | 9106 2199 85 – LEVEL SENSOR |
3222323209 |
3222 3232 09 – HYDRAULIC PUMP |
| 3222323213 | 3222 3232 13 – GEAR PUMP |
| 3222339238 | 3222 3392 38 – PLATE |
| 3222349872 | 3222 3498 72 – TOUCHPANEL |
| 0335115600 | 0335 1156 00 – CIRCLIP |
| 8231120286 | 8231 1202 86 – CHECK VALVE |
8231120035 |
8231 1200 35 – PRESS.REL.VALVE |
| 8231120367 | 8231 1203 67 – OVERCENT.VALVE |
| 9106063010 | 9106 0630 10 – DOUBLE CH.VALVE |
| 5112319229 | 5112 3192 29 – SOLENOID VALVE |
| 9106083301 | 9106 0833 01 – CHECK VALVE |
| 5112321959 | 5112 3219 59 – SOLENOID VALVE |
9106090706 |
9106 0907 06 – CHECK VALVE |
| 3217973502 | 3217 9735 02 – CHECK VALVE |
| 0823005017 | 0823 0050 17 – CHECK VALVE |
| 9111382103 | 9111 3821 03 – CHECK VALVE |
| 5112287790 | 5112 2877 90 – DIRECTION VALVE |
5112310562 |
5112 3105 62 – EXPANSION VALVE |
| 0823005019 | 0823 0050 19 – CHECK VALVE |
| 3217933750 | 3217 9337 50 – PRESS.REL.VALVE |
| 9106131301 | 9106 1313 01 – RELIEF VALVE |
| 1261100004 | 1261 1000 04 – PRESS.RED.VALVE |
| 3217934160 | 3217 9341 60 – PRESS.RED.VALVE |
3217996341 |
3217 9963 41 – PRESS.RED.VALVE |
| 3217934140 | 3217 9341 40 – PRESS.RED.VALVE |
| 5112310260 | 5112 3102 60 – BY PASS VALVE |
| 0823005018 | 0823 0050 18 – CHECK VALVE |
| 8202030402 | 8202 0304 02 – BALL VALVE |
| 0823009006 | 0823 0090 06 – CHECK VALVE |
| 3214897280 | 3214 8972 80 – DIRECTION VALVE |
3217933740 |
3217 9337 40 – PRESS.REL.VALVE |
| 3214739100 | 3214 7391 00 – DOUBLE CH.VALVE |
| 1089062117 | 1089 0621 17 – SOLENOID VALVE |
| 0830100776 | 0830 1007 76 – SAFETY VALVE |
| 8202030204 | 8202 0302 04 – BALL VALVE |
| 3215959500 | 3215 9595 00 – PRESS.RED.VALVE |
8204049897 |
8204 0498 97 – SOLENOID VALVE |
| 3217980120 | 3217 9801 20 – CHECK VALVE |
| 1503126702 | 1503 1267 02 – SAFETY VALVE |
| 8202031129 | 8202 0311 29 – BALL VALVE |
| 8202031137 | 8202 0311 37 – BALL VALVE |
| 8202031160 | 8202 0311 60 – BALL VALVE |
0834119405 |
0834 1194 05 – SAFETY VALVE |
| 3217999720 | 3217 9997 20 – SOLENOID VALVE |
| 3217999601 | 3217 9996 01 – SOLENOID VALVE |
| 8202031103 | 8202 0311 03 – BALL VALVE |
| 8202030105 | 8202 0301 05 – BALL VALVE |
3217976612 |
3217 9766 12 – LUBR. VALVE |
| 5112216380 | 5112 2163 80 – LUBR. VALVE |
| 3719000089 | 3719 0000 89 – JAW HOLDER |
| 3175744000 | 3175 7440 00 – VALVES |
| 3715839680 | 3715 8396 80 – JAWS ROD HOLDER NQ |
| 3719001408 | 3719 0014 08 – CONTROL VALVE 7V15 |
3715744100 |
3715 7441 00 – VALVE SITS |
| 3719000675 | 3719 0006 75 – VALVE CATRIDGE PR.RED/REL |
| 3719000677 | 3719 0006 77 – CATRIDGE |
| 3715000675 | 3715 0006 75 – CATRIDGE PR.RED/REL |
| 3719000673 | 3719 0006 73 – CATRIDGE |
| 3176004267 | 3176 0042 67 – Main switch Epiroc Boomer |
5536758600 |
5536 7586 00 – Hydraulic motor Epiroc |
| 5580003299 | 5580 0032 99 – Hydraulic pump Epiroc |
| 9106160739 | 9106 1607 39 – Valve |
| 6060003767 | 6060 0037 67 – Shut-off valve Boomer |
| 3217983460 | 3217 9834 60 – Check valve Boomer |
| 8234020080 | 8234 0200 80 – Pressure reducing valve |
5112287917 |
5112 2879 17 – Solenoid valve |
| 5571956100 | 5571 9561 00 – Solenoid valve Epiroc Wagner |
| 3222188142 | 3222 1881 42 – Filter set |
| 3222188152 | 3222 1881 52 – Air Filter Set |
| 5535271600 | 5535 2716 00 – Filter |
| 5590019366 | 5590 0193 66 – Filter |
8231045410 |
8231 0454 10 – Hydraulic tank filter |
| 0686371635 | 0686 3716 35 – PLUG |
| 3115600166 | 3115 6001 66 – Driver |
| 3115245100 | 3115 2451 00 – SLIDE WASHER |
| 3718040427 | 3718 0404 27 – AIR FILTER |
3719000428 |
3719 0004 28 – FILTER INSERT |
| 3115600192 | 3115 6001 92 – CHARGING DEVICE |
| 3760007186 | 3760 0071 86 – BEARING THRUST BALL |
| 3128078411 | 3128 0784 11 – PULL ROPE |
3128324992 |
3128 3249 92 – SPRING LOCK |
| 3217894500 | 3217 8945 00 – PRESS.REL.VALVE |
| 3217893701 | 3217 8937 01 – BLOCK VALVE |
For details about our product offerings, pricing, or potential partnerships, our sales team is ready to provide comprehensive information:
- Direct Sourcing & Authenticity:We source directly from manufacturers like Atlas Copco, CAT, etc. ensuring all spare parts are 100% original and new.
- Industry Expertise:With extensive experience across diverse sectors, we provide tailored solutions that enhance productivity and reliability.
- Comprehensive Support:We offer full-service support, including technical consultation, installation, maintenance, and emergency assistance.
- Commitment to Innovation:We stay updated with the latest advancements, providing cutting-edge technology for improved efficiency and sustainability.
Outer packing:Export carton We deliver this item to worldwide via postal air mail, express, air transportation, sea shipping, etc.
- If delivery time is not a critical factor and you prefer economical freight charges, you have the option of choosing postal air mail or sea shipping with a registered number. This method typically takes 15-30 days.
- For a quicker delivery, we offer express shipping through carriers such as DHL, UPS, FedEx, or EMS. While this service is fast, it comes with a higher cost, and you can expect delivery within 5-10 working days, including our Customs declaration for export.
For a quicker delivery, we offer express shipping through carriers such as DHL, UPS, FedEx, or EMS. While this service is fast, it comes with a higher cost, and you can expect delivery within 5-10 working days, including our Customs declaration for export.
1. Who are we?
Established in Guangzhou, China, we operate within diverse markets, with a significant presence in the Domestic Market(20.00%),Western Europe(15.00%),Southeast Asia(12.00%),Southern Europe(10.00%),North America(7.00%),Eastern Europe(7.00%),Northern Europe(5.00%),South
America(5.00%),Eastern Asia(5.00%),Mid East(5.00%),Oceania(3.00%),South Asia(2.50%),Africa(2.50%),Central America(1.00%). Our team, consisting of approximately 51-100 professionals, is dedicated to serving our customers worldwide.
2. Quality Assurance:
Ensuring top-notch quality is a cornerstone of our operation. We adhere to OE standards and subject every product to rigorous testing before shipment.
3.Our Product Range:
Explore our comprehensive selection, featuring air filter cartridges, air filters, oil/fuel filters, hydraulic filters, oil separators, air compressor parts, and more.
4. Why Choose Us:
What sets us apart is our unique history as a formerly state-owned enterprise with almost 30 years of expertise. We prioritize quality and offer competitive pricing, making us a reliable choice in the market.
5. Our Services:
- Delivery Terms: FOB, CFR, CIF, EXW, FAS, CIP, FCA, CPT, DEQ, DDP, DDU, Express Delivery, DAF, DES
- Accepted Payment Currencies: USD, EUR, CNY
- Payment Types: T/T, MoneyGram, PayPal, Western Union, Cash, Escrow
- Languages Spoken: English, Chinese
Choose us for reliable products, quality assurance, and a diverse range of services tailored to your needs.
Founded in 2010 and headquartered in Guangzhou, Answk Technology Co., Ltd. has grown into a versatile global leader specializing in mechanical and electronic solutions. With over a decade of industry expertise, we serve as a trusted provider of high-performance air compressors, filtration systems, and genuine spare parts. Backed by a team of seasoned professionals and a worldwide distribution network, we deliver mission-critical components and systems to clients across six continents, supporting industries such as mining, construction, oil and gas, automotive, and energy.
Answk offers a comprehensive range of original air compressors, construction machinery, and genuine spare parts from globally recognized brands, including Atlas Copco, Ingersoll Rand, Epiroc, Chicago Pneumatic, Quincy, Sandvik, Sullair, Hitachi, CAT, BOGE, Caterpillar, Hyundai, and Doosan, etc. Our product lineup spans oil-injected and oil-free screw compressors, portable compressors, air treatment systems, and heavy-duty mining and construction equipment. Complementing this portfolio, we design and manufacture high-precision filtration solutions for air compressors and industrial machinery, such as oil filters, air filters, hydraulic filters, and fuel/water separators. Engineered for durability and seamless compatibility with leading brands, these products ensure optimal performance in critical sectors like mining, oil and gas, automotive, and power generation.
Answk’s technical team brings 30+ years of filtration expertise. We deliver customized OEM/ODM solutions. Vertically integrated facilities use proprietary machinery and self-developed molds. Premium global materials ensure end-to-end production control. We craft bespoke filtration systems and compressor components. Solutions replicate original designs or offer cost-efficient alternatives. Seasoned engineers translate client needs into durable, high-performance products. All designs meet industry standards and withstand extreme conditions.
